The Medical Definition Of Body Imaging Essay - 1586 Words

According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary the medical definition of body imaging is â€Å"a subjective picture of one s own physical appearance established both by self-observation and by noting the reactions of others.† This medical definition got me thinking, why does the â€Å"reactions of others† have anything to do with how we see ourselves, why do we let other people hold power of this strength over us? It doesn’t matter your age everybody has thoughts about their body image, this paper will be an in depth look at the thought process and the consequences ourselves and others put on our bodies. I chose to talk about this topic because I’ve always been self-conscience of my body, this has gotten worse recently as I am currently pregnant. I struggle everyday with knowing I’m growing a beautiful human inside me and hating my body and the way it’s changing. As we all go about in our everyday lives, we are all bombarded with messages concerning what we should look like. However, females are more concerned with body image in fact, 91% percent of women are unhappy with their bodies. So what should we look like, according to media surrounding us in magazines, billboards, tv, even books? The answer is thin. The models depicted are often 13 to 19% below healthy weight! As females across the United States are exposed to this media they are belittling themselves in more ways, only 5% of females naturally poses the body type we see in today’s media. When we can’t reach these unrealisticShow MoreRelatedTotal Death Should Be Over Time2193 Words   |  9 PagesThere have been many variations of what the definition of total death should be over time. Until the Harvard Medical Committee formed their definition in 1968 the common definition of death was that, once cessation of cardiovascular activity occurred, a person was considered dead. This was changed when the Harvard Medical Committee released their own definition, stating the adoption of the â€Å"irreversible coma† as being the new standard for determining end of life (Jonas, 132). Presently in the UnitedRead MoreMedical Technology : Technology Is Happening Every Day1168 Words   |  5 PagesMedical Technology Advancement in medical technology is happening every day. Doctors are looking for the best and most modern methods to help them take care of their patient’s needs. The advancements in medical technology have been immense in the last decade, and they are only going to keep advancing. Medical technology incorporates a wide variety of healthcare tools and is used to diagnose, monitor and treat diseases or medical conditions. Such technologies are intended to improve the quality ofRead MoreThe Theories Of Schizophreni Dopamine, Glutamate, Brain Abnormalities, And Nature Vs. Nurture813 Words   |  4 PagesThe four theories that are behind the cause of schizophrenia as referenced in the PowerPoint are Dopamine, Glutamate, Brain Abnormalities, and Nature vs. Nurture / More than one cause. 1. Dopamine Definition Dopamine is a neurotransmitter. It is one of the chemicals that is responsible for transmitting signals between the neurons of the brain. However, very few of those neurons actually produce dopamine. (psychologytoday.com) Theory The main theory concerning dopamine is that too much it canRead MoreThe Advancements Of Medical Technology1549 Words   |  7 PagesAdvancement in medical technology is happening every day. Doctors are looking for the best and most modern methods to help them take care of their patient’s needs. The advancements in medical technology have been immense in the last decade, and they are only going to keep advancing. Medical technology incorporates a wide variety of healthcare tools and is used to diagnose, monitor and treat diseases or medical conditions. These technologies are intended to improve the quality of healthcare deliveredRead MoreScience Is A Division Of Health Care1670 Words   |  7 PagesRadiologic science is a division of health care that deals with imaging for diagnoses of diseases, broken bones, and other problems. A few examples of radiologic sciences are sonography, X-Ray, mammography, MRI, PET scan, CT scans, radiation therapy, nuclear medicine, and so much m ore. These tests are completed using large devices that will take scans of your body, sometimes with the help of dyes and gamma rays. All of the machines are different, but have one thing in common: they all use technologyRead MoreStroke935 Words   |  4 PagesStroke Definition: A stroke is the sudden death of the cells in a specific area of the brain caused by inadequate blood flow. Another name for it is cerebral vascular accident (CVA). A stroke is also called a brain attack. Description: A stroke occurs when an artery bursts or becomes closed when a blood clot lodges in it and blood flow is interrupted to that part of the brain. Blood circulating to that area of the brain served by the artery stops at the point of rupture, and the brain tissueRead MoreRobotic Surgery : Surgical Surgery1746 Words   |  7 Pagesallow for robots to be used in surgery. Robotic surgery is relatively new to the medical industry and it is often underrated. Robotic surgery offers greater efficiency, and utility than that provided through traditional surgical methods. The most traditional and common way of performing surgery is laparoscopically. This means the surgery is performed while looking through a small, camera inserted into the patient’s body. Though this technique is minimally invasive, it poses disadvantages, which canRead MoreSensory Processing Disorder: Facts and Solutions1343 Words   |  5 PagesSPD (originally called Sensory Integration Dysfunction) as a neurological disorder in which the sensory information that the individual perceives results in abnormal responses. A more formal definition is: SPD is a neurophysiologic condition in which sensory input either from the environment or from one’s body is poorly detected, modulated, or interpreted and/or to which atypical responses are observed (STAR Center). In the book, The Out of Sync Child, Dr. Anna Jean Ayres, occupational therapist andRead MoreThe Importance Of Echocardiography For Clinical Practice As They Are Used For Screening, Diagnosis, And Diagnosis2604 Words   |  11 Pagesradiation involved in image production. Echocardiography is based on the Principles of Wave transmission (Ultrasound) and The Doppler Effect which are considerably cheaper compared to X-ray imaging, CT, MRI, nuclear medicine and other diagnostic techniques (Cootney, 2001). In addition to cost, ultrasound cardiac imaging machines are relatively small and mobile which can also satisfy the requirements of meas uring the cardiac function fast and accurately. Physics principles of Echocardiography UltrasoundRead MoreLab Analysis : Acoustic Mismatch2109 Words   |  9 Pages1. * Ultrasound techniques are used to detect structure inside the body. A gel is used when a 1MHz transducer is placed on the skin to avoid acoustic mismatch at the skin-transducer interface. (a) Define acoustic mismatch (in this particular case). Acoustic mismatch, by definition, is the discrepancy between the acoustic impedances of two or more mediums (MacLennan, 2006). This occurs when a propagated soundwave, passing through one medium, travels into another medium of unequal impedance. In the

Carl Jungs Exploration of the Unconscious Mind Essay...

Carl Jungs Exploration of the Unconscious Mind Carl Jung is best known for his exploration of the unconscious mind, developed through his education in Freudian theory, mythology, religion, and philosophy. Jung was born July 26, 1875 to a well-educated family in Kesswil, Switzerland. He was raised with a love for language and literature, beginning Latin lessons at the age of 6. As a teenager, Jung led a solitary life. He did not care for school, and shied away from competition. When he went to boarding school in Basel, Switzerland, he was the victim of jealous harassment, and learned to use sickness as an excuse. He later went on to the University of Basel, intending to study archaeology, but instead decided to study medicine.†¦show more content†¦This is signified in a person if they have dreams or visions of sexual organs. Unlike in Freudian theory, this does not represent a need for sex, rather strength and fertility. The shadow is where one’s animal instincts are hidden. Some refer to it as the â€Å"dark side† of the ego. According to Jung it is simply a place where there are no morals, good or bad, but this is where a complex may form if all bad energy is denied. A snake, dragon, or demon usually guarding the entrance to something (suggesting the collective unconscious) can represent the shadow. The image or â€Å"mask† o ne puts on for the public is known as the Persona archetype. According to Jung, nearly everyone had one and in some this can be mistaken for one’s true nature. Finally, the Syzygy is actually two archetypes in one. Jung believed that all human psyches are actually bisexual and that societal expectations force humans into realizing only half of their potential. The Anima represents the female instincts inside the male collective unconscious, and is usually symbolized by a young girl, witch, or earth mother, and is very emotional. The Animus represents the male instincts inside of the female collective unconscious, can be symbolized by a wise old man or a sorcerer, and is very logical, rationalistic, and can be argumentative. These two, which combine to make the Syzygy, are responsible for one’s love life (finding someone who fits one’s anima or animus). In addition to theShow MoreRelated Freud and Jung Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesPsychoanalysis has been an ar ea that Carl Jung has explored, critiqued and perfected in his lifetime. Jung was not alone in his exploration of the psyche; there were many other psychoanalytic perspectives as well. Carl Jung was said to have been a magnetic individual who drew many others into his circle. Sigmund Freud was Carl Jung’s greatest influence. Although he came to part company with Freud in later years, Freud had a distinct and profound influence on Carl Jung’s psychoanalytic perspectives, asRead MoreEssay on Theory of Analytical Psychology2821 Words   |  12 PagesPsychology Research Paper PSYC 341 Carl Jung’s Theory of Analytical Psychology Psychology of Personality By A. M. Barnett January 17, 2006 Abstract Carl Gustav Jung was bone July 26, 1875 (Feist and Feist, 2002). He was blessed to be surrounded by an educated family, including clergymen. Carl Jung as a young man was a colleague of Freud. His life’s work was exploring the unconscious. Freud’s theory of the unconscious made the unconscious sound unpleasant. It involved crazy desiresRead MorePsychoanalytic Psychology : Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment1427 Words   |  6 PagesPsychoanalytic Personality Assessment Many people consider Psychology a science, which is true, applied science. Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior which has different levels with many dimensions. Psychology is compounded with many theories and studies that by trial, and error, have made psychology into the discipline that it has become today. Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler are just a few scholars that have helped psychology become the science studied today. One must remember that theseRead More Carl Gustav Jung Essay1266 Words   |  6 PagesCarl Gustav Jung Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) was born on July 26, in the small village of Kesswil on Lake Constance. He was named after his grandfather, a professor of medicine at the University of Basel. He was the oldest child and only surviving son of a Swiss Reform pastor. Carl attended the University of Basel and decided to go into the field of psychiatry after reading a book that caught his interest. Jung became an assistant at the Burgholzli Mental hospital, a famous medical hospitalRead MoreFirst Response Journal Of Human History1042 Words   |  5 Pagesthe noses of all of mankind. This space was the unconscious part of the human mind. The explorers who made this discovery were no less daring than their khaki touting counterparts. Facing horrors of a different kind and risking unique harm. Although armed with little more than doctorates, beards and crazy dreams, they sought to tame the most vicious organism existing; the mind. The brave explorers that I will focus on include, Sigmund Freud and Carl Gustav Jung. Despite practicing almost, a centuryRead MoreMaslow and Jung: Life and the Workplace955 Words   |  4 Pagestheories opened our minds to many of our odd behaviors but did little to provide methods of self-examination. Very few of us have the time and the funds available for in-depth psychoanalysis. The theories of Carl Jung and Abraham Maslow are interesting and, i n certain respects, opposing. With study, introspection, and a better awareness of others, aspects of the theories of Jung and Maslow can be used by most individuals to improve their working and personal relationships. Carl Jung was a youngerRead More The Influences of C.G. Jung Essay2026 Words   |  9 PagesThe Influences of C.G. Jung      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Carl Gustav Jung was influenced by literature, symbolism, religion, and the occult From a very young age. Jungs influencs remained with him as he became a doctor of medicine and a psychological theorist. The philosophical, the supernatural, the symbolic, the religious, and the occult all influenced Jungs area of psychological expertise, making Jungs psychology not only unique to Jung, but also pioneering in the field of general psychoanalysis.    Read MoreReaction Paper Carl Jung2472 Words   |  10 PagesCarl Gustav Jung, (26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961), was a Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist, and the founder of analytical psychology. His work and influence extends way beyond understanding personality, and he is considered to be one of the greatest thinkers to have theorised about life and how people relate to it. However, for the purpose of this assignment I will concentrate on Jung’s theory of Psychological Types. In this essay I aim to demonstrate an understanding of Jung’s personality typesRead MoreEssay A Jungian Reading of Beowulf1622 Words   |  7 Pagesimage remain unconscious; yet he also proposes that the individual psyche responds to the presence of the archetype by imprinting it with its own psychic material, thus creating a series of images informed by both universal understanding and personal experience.   Jung compares the original archetype to the axis of a crystal, about which material clusters; in the same way, he suggests, the archetype defines the images which cluster about it (9,i:165).   This essay will involve an exploration of imagesRead MoreEssay about A Dangerous Method989 Words   |  4 Pagesthe theories, techniques, and the central characters in the early history of psychoanalysis. It brings out the effectiveness of psychoanalysis method and shows the risks and dangers encountered when entering the unconscious mind. This movie takes a look at these thr ough the life of Carl Jung who was one of the founding fathers of psychoanalysis. It also takes a glimpse into the turbulent relationship between a doctor, his mentor, and his patient. The paper will begin by giving a short synopsis of

Minimising Agency And Consumer Risk †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Minimising Agency And Consumer Risk. Answer: The essay suggests that people and agency are the main factors that need to be considered. The first paragraph explains the methods by which the manager can ensure the code of conducts rules and policies are communicated to the staff (Zeynep and Toker 2012). Further, there is also explanation of handling training of new staff and customers by the new stuff. As an agency manager there is some responsibility, which are required to ensure that the set of codes that are required for the stuff to abide by are effectively communicated to them. This includes making them aware of the rules and responsibilities. This is to ensure that the stuff does their responsibility while performing the work allocated to them. This also reduces the risk of mistakes, while minimising the consumer risk (Kumar 2012). When doing orientation of new employees this should be communicated to them (Australian Public Service Commission 2012). Moreover, the training period in the initial stages of the work process is to ensure that the new stuff understands the requirements, responsibilities, and the expectations that are needed to be abide by. Other ways to ensure the awareness is one to one training, employees handbooks, notice board (Vardaman, Gondo and Allen 2014). Making them understand the code can be a challenge but, while providing training, for example physica lly showing them particular smoking area, pointing out the websites that are not of use. Making them accept the code and getting feed backs in form of written documents can also be part of the process. Online feedback forms are also there to get to know their understanding level. Making all the stuff come under one roof physically or online by having the Enterprise Resource planning systems. This process ensures the strategic advantages given by the human resource and their skills. Critical aspects of assessment are needed to be act upon on periodical basis. The minimising agency and consumer risk is also making sure that you get the right consumer. For that, one needs to ensure that one asks the right questions to the customer. First having a good structure of questionnaires to ask the people is needed. Then it is needed to ensure that the people at the front end are stress free as they are at the front level function to interact. The training to handle the customer in need is crucial for the company (Leipziger 2015). The customers are the vulnerable factor of organisations and that is need to make sure that they are guided to the right path, because if they do not get the right answers they might turn to your competitors. The competency of the strategy is ensured in this stage (Choudhury and Harrigan 2014). The new stuff needs to be trained well. In addition, there must be some standardisation of the codes and policies to ensure the quality assurance. Intervening the when the problems are needed to be addressed is not enough(Goddard 20 12). The main idea is to act upon the incidental problems thoroughly. The best idea for the new staff is to giving them on job training or vestibule training to make them involve in the worst or best case scenario. The right question is only asked when the analysis of the problem is right to the point (Wang and Feng 2012). This can only be ensured by the competence of managerial decision-making. It is said that if your employees were not happy, your customers would not be happy. Therefore, it is important for the manager to ensure the employees are happy, productive, efficient and competent in their work while they handle the consumer. References Australian Public Service Commission, 2012. Tackling wicked problems: A public policy perspective. Choudhury, M.M. and Harrigan, P., 2014. CRM to social CRM: the integration of new technologies into customer relationship management.Journal of Strategic Marketing,22(2), pp.149-176. Goddard, M.G.J., Raab, G., Ajami, R.A. and Gargeya, V.B., 2012.Customer relationship management: A global perspective. Gower Publishing, Ltd.. Kumar, V. and Reinartz, W., 2012.Customer relationship management: Concept, strategy, and tools. Springer Science Business Media. Leipziger, D., 2015.The corporate responsibility code book. Greenleaf Publishing. Vardaman, J.M., Gondo, M.B. and Allen, D.G., 2014. Ethical climate and pro-social rule breaking in the workplace.Human Resource Management Review,24(1), pp.108-118. Wang, Y. and Feng, H., 2012. Customer relationship management capabilities: Measurement, antecedents and consequences.Management Decision,50(1), pp.115-129. Zeynep Ata, U. and Toker, A., 2012. The effect of customer relationship management adoption in business-to-business markets.Journal of Business Industrial Marketing,27(6), pp.497-507.

War Strategies Essays - Military Doctrines, International Relations

War Strategies "Classical set-piece wars between states seem to be a thing of the past, replaced by Intra-wars, insurgency and counter-insurgency wars of one kind or another. These developments give us reason to re-think all our theories of war and peace. We need new theories about violence in world politics." Discuss this claim. War has been a major focal point in international relations for the past 300 years. The moral, legal, humans and strategic nature of war has, and will continue to command attention of all followers of world affairs. War is a changing phenomena, taking on new characteristics as its surroundings change, diplomatic practitioners and academic experts regarded as one that it is fought between states but now this premise is being challenged. The theories developed by predominately by the realist paradigm are becoming anachronistic in its conception of war, a changing world means the realist notion of war is not relevant to emerging situations in the peripheral nations. War as an instrument of state policy is a relatively new phenomena, early wars were often though for more medieval objectives, for example the spread of Christendom. War in Europe only became largely politically based after the 17th century, and the main purpose of the exercise of military power shifted to hold the advancement and protection of the state as its primary concern. Despite its negativity war exists because of its vital role in politics, the two are inter-linked, "war is a continuation of politics by other means". War is a vehicle of conflict resolution, generally undertaken when diplomatic measures have been exhausted, war causes an outcome, therefore a rational if not morally defensible means to a known end. History since the thirty years war (1648) has seen a process of state building by the European powers. Centralising monarchies by the 18th century has slowly gained a monopoly of force within there own territories and began to establish themselves as sovereign states. The concept of sovereignty was underpinned by the supreme authority of dynastic rule, that provided the residing monarch unshakeable authority. War altered with the advent of napoleon and his imperialistic ideals. War turned from a limited exercise to a waged campaign of annihilation. Napoleons political ambitions preceded those of the previous century in its intensity, and the cost in life and money spurred an attempt to curb wars effects. The Congress of Vienna is the first diplomatic attempt to limit the effects and causes of war between states, still the great powers continued their nation building until the first world war. The great war shattered a period of relative peace, its terrible consequences causing a shift in public opinion against war-fare. Increasing restraints were imposed upon the use of war as a means of furthering political ambition, the Kellogg Braind pact of 1928 compelled its signatories to exhaust diplomatic proceduer before violence. Those who violated the pact were guilty of 'crimes against humanity'. This demonstrates the appeal of the 'strong state' to developing nations , and that war between states continued despite attempts to curb it. This culminated eventually in the 'Cold war', the ultimate State versus state stand off, the vast military resources and the human consequence nuclear weapons made the nations impotent by virtue of the destructive capability they possessed. This history generally supports the Clausewitzen definition of war, that it remains a means of serving the state. In the second half of this century the use of force remains a distinct possibility in the interactions of nations. State security remains a priority on governmental agendas, and even with the emergence of the UN no member relies comprehensively on its forces. The great powers of the previous century dominated the development of international theory, the balance of power theory provided the realist solution to war by mutual deterrence. These great powers had secure boundaries, a highly developed infrastructure both social and political yet it was on the virtue of their military resources that they were perceived as 'Great'. The theory of power runs synonymous with the phenonoma of war. In the new world order conflict between states Is rare, most war now occurs in the middle east, south east Asia and central America. Since 1945 the great powers have generally had to respond to wars in what modern commentaries term a 'weak state'. "the anarchy within states rather than between states is the fundamental condition that explains the prevalence of war since 1945". A strong state is founded on the inter-relation between its physical attributes i.e. its territory, population, resources and its underpinning cultural base of affections and ideology.

At School I Have Been Bullied by a Teacher

At School I Have Been Bullied by a Teacher Hashtag: #EnElColegioTengo (At school I have) Why Some Teachers Crossed the Line? A 14-year old girl in her second year of high school was yelled at, humiliated, and sent out of the room by her well-experienced male science teacher for simply asking stupid questions. Teachers who bullied their students, according to study, were mostly new teachers overwhelmed by frustrations or tenured teachers who were very set in their ways and unwilling to change their traditional coercive teaching practices. A few instances of accidental coercive reaction due to lack of experience and frustrating students’ behavior may be acceptable for new teachers but the bullying male science teacher is a veteran teacher. One explanation is the fact bullying behavior is rooted in personal values, ingrained, and consistent with the way a person understands the world. Since the behavior of tenured teachers served them well in the past and in fact earned them their current position and authority, they see themselves as superior, arrogant and unsympathetic towards â€Å"inferior† students. Study of bullying teachers shows that regardless of frustration or student’s positive behavior, teachers who are more senior, tenured, and experienced teachers routinely practiced bullying behavior. These include habitual utterance of offensive or suggestive language, derogatory or degrading remarks, get involved in coercive sexual behavior, racist and sexist comments, embarrassing, threatening, and intimidating remarks. Moreover, regardless of their position and authority, they engaged in spreading false rumors in an attempt to discredit and socially isolate an individual. Is There a Cure for Teacher’s Bullying Behavior? Connecting with students in both personal and professional manner is often very challenging. The study shows that teachers who cannot control a student displaying negative behavior in class often engage in power struggle until they become frustrated and respond with bullying. For this reason, it may be helpful for teachers to avoid engaging in the power struggle with aggressive or irritating students. Some of the recommended strategies to avoid power struggle is to build a positive relationship with students through caring concern, constructive feedback, and respect. For example, teachers communicating respectfully, paying attention to students concern, acknowledging those with positive behaviors, working with each student to address behavioral problems is unlikely to get negative responses from students. In contrast, those who used force and engaging in the power struggle, make a public scene of a student’s negative behavior, and taking it too personal often form the negative relationship, increased the potential for burnout, frustration, and bullying behavior. The above recommendations are clearly not inapplicable to â€Å"superior† tenured teachers who in a way value their deeply rooted unethical teaching practices. Since the principal in practice avoids dismissing these senior bullies, some of them were reassigned to non-teaching positions where cannot harm students. Other less senior bullies, probably those with potential for change, were sent to some sort of anti-bullying programs aimed at changing their culture, attitudes, feelings, and behavior. In preventing tenured teachers’ bullying, some programs encourage teaching and non-teaching staff to report a teacher bullying a student. Others conducted a student empowerment session aimed at balancing the power inside the classroom. This program in practice promotes awareness of bullying behaviors and their consequences and eventually developed respect between both parties.

Witchcraft accusations, trials, and hysteria in border regions and rural areas in Western Europe

Witchcraft accusations, trials, and hysteria in border regions and rural areas in Western Europe The sixteenth century was marked by a great number of witch trials in rural areas and border regions of Western Europe. This situation could be observed in England, Scotland, Germany, France, and other countries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Witchcraft accusations, trials, and hysteria in border regions and rural areas in Western Europe specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To a great extent, this phenomenon can be attributed to the following factors: 1) official recognition of witchcraft and the activities of religious zealots who inspired the persecution of many people; 2) the stereotypes and superstitions about women and their relations with supernatural powers; 3) poverty, wars, and religious turmoil. These are the main issues that should be taken into account. At first, one should mention that the religious authorities recognized the existence of witches. For instance, it is possible to refer to the bull of Innoce nt VIII in which he grants local authorities the right to â€Å"do all things necessary† in order to struggle with witches (Innocent VIII unpaged). Furthermore, much attention should be paid to the notorious treatise Malleus Maleficarum which is also known as The Hammer of Witches. Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger, who were the authors of this text, popularized the idea that many people could be the servant of â€Å"devils† (Kramer and Sprenger 41). To some degree, this book contributed to the growing hysteria about witches, especially in Germany. Finally, it is critical to mention that the stereotypes according to which women were more likely to be to be seduced by the devil (Verlet). They contributed to the victimization of many women, especially spinsters and widows since they were most powerless (Verlet). These are some of the forces that increased the fear of witches. Moreover, it is critical to remember that witchcraft accusations were more widespread in the ar eas that could be profoundly affected by wars and poverty (Lualdi 320). To some extent, they intensified people’s hostility to one another. Among such regions, one can distinguish rural areas of Scotland and Germany. Under such circumstances, people were more likely to use witchcraft accusations as a means of acquiring wealth. In turn, the most unprotected victims could be widows and spinsters. Thus, one should focus on the socio-economic aspects of this phenomenon.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, witch trials were more widespread in the countries where the influence of the Catholic Church was weakest. Again, one can speak about Germany or Switzerland. These states were mostly profoundly affected by the Protestant Reformation. Moreover, the role of Catholicism in Scotland or England was reduced because the government did not want the church to interfere in to its policies (Hunt et al. 464). The main problem is that the declining power of the Roman Catholicism gave rise to people who could be viewed as religious fanatics. Moreover, even religious leaders of the Protestant Reformation such as Calvin and Luther approved of witch trials (Ankerloo 11; Brady 626). In turn, the activities of religious zealots were least controlled in rural areas of these countries. This is another aspect that can be distinguished. Thus, one can say that the witchcraft hysteria can be attributed to a combination of different factors. Much attention should be paid to the role of zealots who raised panic about witchcraft and insisted on persecution of many innocent people. Additionally, poverty and war contributed the increased number of witchcraft accusations especially in rural or borderline regions. These are the main factors that made witch hunt possible in Western Europe. Ankerloo, Bengt. Witchcraft and Magic in Europe: The Period of the Witch Trials, New York: Continuum, 2002. Print. Brady, Thomas. Handbook of European History 1400 1600: Late Middle Ages, Renaissance and Reformation, London: BRILL, 1994. Print. Hunt, Lynn, Thomas Martin, Barbara Rosenwein, and Bonnie Smith. Making of the West, Volume II: Since 1500: Peoples and Cultures, London: Bedford, 2012. Print. Innocent VIII. Bull Summis Desiderantes. 5 Dec. 1484. Web. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/source/witches1.aspAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Witchcraft accusations, trials, and hysteria in border regions and rural areas in Western Europe specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kramer, Heinrich and James Sprenger. The Malleus Maleficarum, New York, Book Tree, 2000. Print. Lualdi, Katharine. Sources of The Making of the West, Volume II: Since 1500: Peoples and Cultures, London: Bedford, 2012. Print. Verlet, Melissa. The Witch Hysteria. 28 Sep. 2013. Web.

Access to Technology Key to Effective Transit Oriented Development in Essay

Access to Technology Key to Effective Transit Oriented Development in Urban Planning - Essay Example In the 20th century, commuters have preferred personalized modes of transportation over public transportation for numerous reasons. Public transportation meant that they had to compromise on privacy. People felt that public transportation was not an effective way of transportation. Private transportation gave them more freedom and gave them the privacy that was needed. Another important factor that went against improved public transportation is that the time spent in public transportation was waste of quality time and nothing productive could be extracted from it. Even though public transportation was cheaper when compared to private modes of transportation, people preferred private transportation over public transportation. Studies in the recent past have shown that trends are changing. There is a big segment of the urban population that is beginning to use public transportation more often because they are drawn towards a transit-oriented lifestyle. The majority of this segment consists of people under the age of 35, i.e. the Generation Y or Millennials. Joseph P. Schwieterman’s article â€Å"The Travel Habits of Gen Y† is focused on this. It discusses how the technology has changed the perception of the current generation towards public transportation and why more and more people below the age of 35 prefer public transportation over private transportation. The article identifies one of the main reasons for the newly found attractiveness in public transportation is the access to modern technologies. The current generation is highly hooked to electronic gadgets and prefers to stay digitally connected.